tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-54610161330454728272024-02-20T02:37:30.312-08:00Learn English Basic Grammar With Simple ExamplesArticles in simple English,Essays, Newspapers, Proverbs, Idioms, GRE Material, Quotations, Poetry,Stories.Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.comBlogger31125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-58220120570753616052012-04-13T02:45:00.000-07:002012-04-13T02:45:24.878-07:00Personal Pronouns ( Parts Of Speach )<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">We may say--<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>John is absent, because John is ill.</li>
</ul>But it is better to avoid the repetition of the noun John, and say--<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>John is absent, because he is ill.</li>
</ul>A word that is thus used instead of a noun is called Pronoun (Pronoun means for a noun.)<br />
Def-- A <span style="color: blue;">Pronoun</span> is a word used instead of a Noun.<br />
Read the following sentences:<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>I am young. We are young.</li>
<li>You are young. They are young. </li>
<li>He (she, it) is young. </li>
</ul>I, You, We, He, She, They are called <span style="color: blue;">Personal Pronouns</span> because they stand for the three persons.<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><li>The person speaking. </li>
<li>The person spoken to, and</li>
<li>The person spoken of. </li>
</ol>The pronoun I and We, which denote the person or persons speaking, are said to be Personal Pronouns of the First Person.<br />
The Pronoun You, which denote the person or persons spoken to, is said to be a Personal Pronoun of the Second Person.<br />
You is used both in the singular and plural.<br />
The pronouns he (she) and they, which denote the person or persons spoken of, are said to be Personal Pronouns of the <span style="color: blue;">Third Person</span>. It, although it denotes the thing spoken of, is also called a Personal Pronoun of the third person. (The Personal Pronouns of the Third Person are, strictly speaking, Demonstrative Pronouns.) <br />
</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-24312163961604337602012-04-12T23:58:00.000-07:002012-04-12T23:58:48.491-07:00Repetition Of The Article<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">If I Say --<br />
I have a black and white dog.<br />
I mean a dog that is partly black and partly white.<br />
But if I say--<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>I have a black and a white dog.</li>
<li>I mean two dogs, one black and the other white. </li>
</ul>Hence when two or more adjectives qualify the same noun, the Article is used before the first adjective only; but when they qualify different nouns, expressed or understood, the Article is normally used before each adjective.<br />
Compare--<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><li>The Secretary and Treasurer is absent. </li>
<li>The secretary and the Treasurer are absent. </li>
</ol><br />
<a name='more'></a>The first sentence clearly indicates that the posts of Secretary and Treasurer are held by one person.<br />
The repetition of an article in the second sentence indicates that the two posts are held by two different persons.<br />
Hence we see that when two or more connected nouns refer to the same person or thing, the Article is ordinarily used before the first only; but when two or more connected nouns refer to different persons or things, the article is used before each.<br />
Also examine the following sentences:<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>John was a great orator and statesman. </li>
<li>There are on the committee among others a great economist and a great lawyer. </li>
</ul>We may either say--<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The third and the fourth chapter.</li>
<li>(or) The third and the fourth chapters.</li>
</ul>In expressing a comparison, if two nouns refer to the same person or thing, the Article is used before the first noun only;as;<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He is a better mechanic than clerk.</li>
<li>He is a better poet than novelist. </li>
<li>He is a better thinker than debater.</li>
<li>He would make a better engineer than lawyer. </li>
</ul>But if they refer to different persons or things, the article must be used with each noun;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He is a better mechanic than clerk.</li>
<li>He would make a better statesman than a philosopher (would make). </li>
</ul><br />
<br />
</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-7703388345903444292012-04-12T23:37:00.000-07:002012-04-12T23:37:37.794-07:00Omission Of The Article<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">The article is omitted--<br />
1- Before names of substances and abstract nouns. (i.e. uncountable nouns) used in a general sense; as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Sugar is bad for your teeth.</li>
<li>Gold is a precious metal.</li>
<li>Wisdom is the gift of heaven.</li>
<li>Honesty is the best policy.</li>
<li>Virtue is its own reward.</li>
</ul><span style="color: blue;">Note--</span> Uncountable nouns take the when used in a particular sense (specially when qualified by an adjective or adjective phrase or clause);as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Would you pass me the sugar? (= the sugar on the table)</li>
<li>The wisdom of Solomon is great.</li>
<li>I can't forget the kindness with which he treated me.</li>
</ul>2- Before plural countable nouns used in a general sense;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Childlike chocolates. </li>
<li>Computers are used in many offices.</li>
</ul><span style="color: blue;">Note-</span> that such nouns take 'the' when used with a particular meaning;as,<br />
Where are the children? (= Our children)<br />
3- Before most proper nouns (except those referred to earlier), namely, names of people (e.g. Paul, John), names of continents, countries, cities, etc. (e.g. Europe, Pakistan, Nagpur), names of individual mountains (e.g. Mount Everest), individual islands, lakes, hills, etc.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a>4- Before names of meals (used in a general sense);as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>What time do you have lunch?</li>
<li>Dinner is ready.</li>
</ul>Note- We use 'a' when there is an adjective before breakfast, lunch, dinner, etc. We use 'the' when we specify.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>I had a late lunch today.</li>
<li>The dinner we had at the Tourist Hotel was very nice. </li>
</ul>5- Before languages;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>We are studying English. </li>
<li>They speak Spanish at home. </li>
</ul>6- Before school, college, university, church, bed, hospital, prison, when these places are visited or used for their primary purpose;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>I learnt French at school.</li>
<li>We go to church on Sundays. </li>
<li>He stays in bed till nine every morning. </li>
<li>My uncle is still in hospital.</li>
</ul><span style="color: blue;">Note-- </span>'The' is used with these words when we refer to them as a definite place, building or object rather than to the normal activity that goes on there;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The school is very near my home. </li>
<li>I met him at the church. </li>
<li>The bed is broke.</li>
<li>I went to the hospital to see my uncle.</li>
</ul>7- Before names of relations, like father, mother, aunt, uncle, and also cook and nurse, meaning 'our cook', 'our nurse', as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Father has returned. </li>
<li>Aunt wants you to see her. </li>
<li>Cook has given notice. </li>
</ul>8- Before predicative nouns denoting a unique position, i.e., a position that is normally held at one time by one person only;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He was elected chairman of the Board. </li>
<li>Mr. Paul became principal of the college in 1995.</li>
</ul>9- In certain phrases consisting of a transitive verb followed by its object;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>to catch fire, to take breath, to give battle, to cast anchor, to send word, to bring word, to give ear, to lay siege, to set sail, to lose heart, to see foot, to leave home, to strike root, to take offence. </li>
</ul>10- In certain phrases consisting of a preposition followed by its object;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li> at home, in hand, in debt, by day, by night, at daybreak, at sunrise, at noon, at sunset, at night, at anchor, at sight, on demand, at interest, on earth, by land, by water, by river, by train, by steamer, by name, on horseback, on foot, on deck, in jest, at dinner, at ease, under ground, above ground. </li>
</ul><br />
</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-34457686450524739692012-04-11T23:42:00.000-07:002012-04-11T23:42:28.170-07:00Use Of The Indefinite Article<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">The Indefinite Article is used-<br />
1- In its original numerical sense of one;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Twelve inches make a foot.</li>
<li>Not a word was said.</li>
<li>A word to the wise is sufficient.</li>
<li>A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.</li>
</ul>2- In the vague sense of a certain;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A Bob (= a certain person named Bob) is suspected by the police.</li>
<li>One evening a beggar came to my door.</li>
</ul>3- In the sense of any, to single out an individual as the representative of a class;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A pupil should obey his teacher.</li>
<li>A cow is a useful animal.</li>
</ul>4- To make a common noun of a proper noun;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A Daniel come to judgement ! (A Daniel = a very wise man)</li>
</ul></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-2968528313361747452012-04-11T23:30:00.003-07:002012-04-12T00:10:04.615-07:00Use Of The Definite Article<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">The Definite Article "the" is used---<br />
1- When we talk about a particular person or thing, or one already referred to (that is, when it is clear from the context which one we mean); as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The book you want is out of print. (Which book? The one you want.)</li>
<li>Let's go to the park. (= the park in this town.)</li>
<li>The girl cried. (the girl = the girl already talked about)</li>
</ul>2- When a singular noun is meant to represent a whole class;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The cow is a useful animal. (Or we may say, "Cows are useful animals.")</li>
<li>The horse is a noble animal.</li>
<li>The cat loves comfort.</li>
<li>The rose is the sweetest of all flowers.</li>
<li>The banyan is a king of fig tree. (Do not say, "a king of a fig tree." This is a common error.)</li>
</ul>The two nouns man and woman can be used in a general sense without either article.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Man is the only animal that uses fire.</li>
<li>Woman is man's mate.</li>
</ul><div> But in present day English a man and a woman (or men and women) are more usual.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A woman is more sensitive than a man. </li>
</ul><br />
<a name='more'></a>3- Before some proper names, viz., these kinds of place-names:<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li> Ocean and seas, e.g. the pacific, the Blank Sea.</li>
<li> Rivers, e.g. the Ganga, the Nile.</li>
<li> Canal, e.g. the Suez canal</li>
<li> Deserts, e.g. the Sahara</li>
<li> Groups of islands, e.g. The West Indies.</li>
<li> Mount Ranges, e.g. the Himalayas, the Alps</li>
<li> A very few names of countries, which include words like republic and kingdom (e.g. the Irish Republic, the United Kingdom) also the Ukraine, the Netherlands (and its seat of government the Hugue)</li>
</ul>4- Before the names of certain books;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The Vedas, the Puranas, the lliad, the Ramayana. </li>
</ul>But we say-<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Homer's lliad, Valmilki's Ramayana. </li>
</ul>5- Before names of things unique of their kind;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The sun, the sky, the ocean, the sea, the earth. </li>
</ul><span style="color: blue;">Note-</span> Sometimes the is placed before a Common Noun to it the meaning of an Abstract noun; as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>At last the warrior (the warlike or martial spirit) in him was thoroughly aroused.</li>
</ul>6- Before a Proper Noun when it is qualified by an adjective or a defining adjectival clause; as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The great Caesar : the immortal Shakespeare.</li>
<li>The Mr. Rony whom you met last night is my uncle.</li>
</ul> 7- With Superlative;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The darkest cloud has a silver lining.</li>
<li>This is the best book of elementary chemistry.</li>
</ul> 8- With Ordinals;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He was the first man to arrive.</li>
<li>The ninth chapter of the book is very interesting.</li>
</ul> 9- Before musical instruments;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He can play the flute.</li>
</ul> 10- Before an adjective when the noun is understood;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The poor are always with us.</li>
</ul> 11- Before a noun (with emphasis) to give the force of Superlative;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The verb is the word(= the chief word) in a sentence.</li>
</ul> 12- As an adverb with Comparative;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The more the merrier.</li>
<li>(= by how much more, by so much the merrier)</li>
<li>The more they get, the more they want. </li>
</ul><br />
</div></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-47794340980148348602012-04-10T00:29:00.000-07:002012-04-10T00:29:49.240-07:00The Hen That Laid Golden Eggs (A Strange Hen)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Once upon a time there lived a farmer. He had a strange hen. He laid an egg of gold daily. He sold the golden eggs to the goldsmith. Slowly the man became very rich.<br />
He thought that the stomach of the hen must be full of eggs of gold. He could get all the eggs by cutting open the stomach. The farmer became greedy. He was not contented with getting one egg daily. He wanted to get all the eggs at once. <br />
So, he cut open the stomach of the hen. To his surprise there were no golden egg in it. He repented upon his folly. But nothing could be done. He was very sad. He had lost a hen that laid a golden egg daily.<br />
<b>Moral:- 1- Don't be greedy.</b><br />
<b> 2- Greed is a curse. </b><br />
<b> 3- Haste makes waste. </b><br />
<b> 4- It is no use crying over spill milk</b></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-24406964957290448332012-04-10T00:18:00.000-07:002012-04-10T00:18:37.201-07:00The Vain Stag (The Proud Stag, The Foolish Stag)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Once upon a time there was a stag. One day he felt thirsty. He went to a pond. As he bent down to drink water, he saw the reflection of his horns in the water. He felt very proud of his horns. Then his eyes fell on the reflection of his legs of his legs. He did not like them. He was ashamed of them. He cursed his legs for their ugliness. Suddenly he heard the bugle of the hunters and the barking of their dogs. He ran to escape the hunters. But his horns got caught in the bushes. The stag tried very hard to free them. In desperation he gave a massive tug. With the result the horns broke, and he became free. He ran with all his might and managed to save himself from the hunters. The tired stag now cursed his horns for nearly getting him killed.<br />
<b><br />
</b><br />
<b>Moral:- 1- Pride hath a fall. </b><br />
<b> 2- All that glitters is not gold. </b><br />
<b> 3- Appearance are often deceptive.</b> </div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-66056330474114290272012-04-08T10:12:00.000-07:002012-04-08T10:12:03.619-07:00The Hidden Treasure<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--> <m:smallfrac m:val="off"> <m:dispdef> <m:lmargin m:val="0"> <m:rmargin m:val="0"> <m:defjc m:val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent m:val="1440"> <m:intlim m:val="subSup"> <m:narylim m:val="undOvr"> </m:narylim></m:intlim> </m:wrapindent><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="MsoNormal">Once upon a time there was a farmer. He was a wise and hardworking man. He had many sons. They never helped him in his work. They did not like to work. They wasted their time sleeping and doing nothing. This made the farmer very anxious.</div><div class="MsoNormal">One day the farmer fell seriously ill. He knew he was going to die. The thought of his sons troubled him. He thought of a clever plan. He called his sons to his beside. He told them that there was a treasure buried in the fields. But before the sons could ask about its location the farmer died. The sons were very pleased. They begin to dig the fields. They could not find any treasure there. They dug up the fields second time, but there was no treasure. Then they planted some seeds in the fields. They water the fields regularly. After some time they had a bumper crop. The sons sold the harvest in the market. The thus obtained made them rich. It was now that they understood what their father meant by treasure. They praised him and vowed to work hard hence forth. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Moral:- 1- Hard work and honesty is the key to success and prosperity.</b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b> 2- No pain, no gain.</b></div></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-22458022822946708182012-04-08T10:00:00.002-07:002012-04-08T10:00:39.041-07:00The Thirsty Crow<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--> <m:smallfrac m:val="off"> <m:dispdef> <m:lmargin m:val="0"> <m:rmargin m:val="0"> <m:defjc m:val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent m:val="1440"> <m:intlim m:val="subSup"> <m:narylim m:val="undOvr"> </m:narylim></m:intlim> </m:wrapindent><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="MsoNormal">One day a crow felt thirsty. He looked around for water. He found if nowhere. He flew far and wide in search of water. At last he reached in a garden. He was pleased to find a jug of water there. He flew near the jug and found that there was very little water inside it. The crow tried very hard to drink the water. He was not successful. He was in a fix.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Suddenly the crow saw some pebbles at a distance. He hit upon a clever plan. He picked the pebbles with his beak, and dropped them into the pot one by one. The level of water came up. The crow drank the water and flew away.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Moral: 1- Where is will, there is a way. </b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span> </span>2- Necessity is the mother of invention.</b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span> </span>3- God help those who help themselves.</b></div></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-13805237041603215282012-04-08T09:59:00.000-07:002012-04-08T09:59:46.224-07:00A Farmer And His Sons<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--> <m:smallfrac m:val="off"> <m:dispdef> <m:lmargin m:val="0"> <m:rmargin m:val="0"> <m:defjc m:val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent m:val="1440"> <m:intlim m:val="subSup"> <m:narylim m:val="undOvr"> </m:narylim></m:intlim> </m:wrapindent><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="MsoNormal">A farmer had sis sons. They were always quarrelling amongst themselves. They could not work together. The farmer was troubled about this.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Once he fell seriously ill. He knew his end was near. The thought of his sons troubled him. He thought of a clever plan. He called his sons to his beside. He asked one of his sons to fetch a bundle of sticks. The bundle was brought. He asked his eldest son to break it. For all his strength he could not break it. One by one each son tried in vain.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Then the farmer asked his eldest son to untie the bundle. He asked them to break the sticks one by one. Each one of his sons could break the sticks easily. Seeing this the farmer said, “See my sons, you were able to break the individual sticks because each stick was alone, but you could not break the bundle of sticks because they were all tied together. If you live united, none can harm you. United you stand divided you fall.” The sons had learnt a valuable lesson. They promise never to quarrel. The old farmer died in peace.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Moral: 1- Unity is strength.</b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span> </span>2- United you stand divided you fall.</b></div></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-74862822673531502052012-04-07T00:50:00.000-07:002012-04-07T00:50:49.524-07:00The Plate of Gold ( Story )<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">One day a wonderful plate made of gold fell from Heaven into the court of a temple at Benares; and on the plate these words were inscribed: "A gift from Heaven to him who loves best." The priests at once made a proclamation that every day at twelve o'clock, all who would like to claim the plate should assemble at the temple, to have their kind deeds judged.<br />
Everyday for a whole year all kinds of holy men, hermits, scholars and nobles came, and related to the priests their deeds of charity, and the priests in solemn council heard their claims. At last they decided that the one who seemed to be the greatest lover of mankind was a rich man who had that very year given all his wealth to the poor. so they gave him the plate of gold. but when he took it in his hard, it turned to worthless, lead; though, when he dropped it in his amazement on to the floor, it became gold again.<br />
For another year claimants came; and the priests awarded the prize three times. But the same thing happened, showing that Heaven did not consider these men worthy of the gift. Meanwhile a large number of beggars came and lay about the temple gate, hoping that the claimants who came would give them alms to prove they were worthy of the golden plate. It was a good time for the beggars, because the pilgrims gave them plenty of money; but they gave them no sympathy, nor even a look of pity.<br />
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At last a simple peasant, who had heard nothing about the plate of gold, came; and he was so touched by the sight of the miserable beggars, that he swept; and when, he saw a poor blind and maimed wretch at the temple gate, he knelt at his side and took his maimed hands in his and comforted him with kind words. When this peasant came to the temple, he was shocked to find it full of men boasting of their kind deeds and quarrelling with the priest. One priest, who held the golden plate in his hand, seeing the peasant standing there, beckoned to him; and the peasant came, and knowing nothing about the plate, took it in his hands. At once it shone out with three times its former spledour, and the priests said: "Son, the gift is yours: for you love best."</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-48430052188694664242012-04-07T00:25:00.000-07:002012-04-07T00:25:07.546-07:00The Glove And The Lion ( Story )<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">King Francis was a great lover of all kinds of spots; and one day he and his courtiers, noblemen and ladies, sat watching wild savage lions fighting each other in the enclosure below. Amongst the courtiers sat Count de Lorge beside a beautiful and lively lady of noble birth whom he loved and hoped to marry. The lions roared, and bit and tore each other with savage fury, until the king said to his courtiers, "Gentlemen, we are better up here than down there!"<br />
The lady, hearing him, thought she would show the king and his court how devoted her lover was to he: so she dropped her glove down among the savage lions, and then looked at Count de Lorge and smiled at him. He bowed to her, and leaped down among the savage lions without hesitation, recovered the glove, and climbed back to his place in a few moments. Then he threw the glove right in the lady's face.<br />
King Francis cried out, "Well and bravely done! but it was not love that made you lady set you such a dangerous thing to do, but her vanity!"</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-78536943823845873112012-04-07T00:08:00.000-07:002012-04-07T00:08:04.714-07:00The Boy Who Cried " Wolf ! "<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">One of the boys in a village was sent out into fields to look after the sheep.<br />
“Mind you take care of them and don’t let them stray,” said the villagers to him. “And keep a good look out for wolves. Don’t go far away: and if you see a wolf coming near the sheep, shout out ‘Wolf’ as loudly as you can, and we will come at once to help you.” <br />
“All right!” said the boy, “I will be careful.”<br />
So every morning he drove his sheep out to the hillside and watched them all day. And when evening came, he drove them home again.<br />
But after a few days he got rather tired of this lonely life. Nothing happened and no wolves came. So one afternoon he said to himself: “These villagers have given me a very stupid job. I think I will play a trick on them just for fun.”<br />
So he got up and began shouting as loudly as he could, “Wolf! Wolf!” <br />
The people in the village heard him, and at once they came running with sticks.<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
“Wolf! Wolf!” shouted the boy; and they ran faster. At last they came up to him, out of breath.<br />
“Where is the wolf?” they panted. But the boy only laughed and said:”There is no wolf. I only shouted in fun. And it was fun to see you all running as hard as you could!”<br />
The men were very angry.<br />
“You young rascal!”. They said. ”If you play a trick like that again, we will beat you instead of the wolf.” And they went back to their work in the village. <br />
For some days the boy kept quiet. But he got restless again, and said to himself: “I wonder if they will come running again if I cry ‘Wolf!’ once more. It was such fun the last time.”<br />
So once more he began shouting, “Wolf! Wolf!”<br />
The villagers heard him. Some said, “That boy is up to his trick again.” But others said, “it may be true this time; and if there really is a wolf, we shall lose some of our sheep.” So they seized their sticks, and ran out of the village the hillside. “Where is the wolf?” they cried, as they came up.<br />
“Nowhere!” said the boy laughing. “It was fun to see you running up the hill as fast as you could.” <br />
“We will teach you to play jokes,” shouted the angry men; and they seized the boy and gave him a good beating, and left him crying instead of laughing.<br />
A few days later a wolf really did come. When the boy saw it , he was very frightened and began shouting “Wolf! Wolf! Help! Help!” as loudly as he could.<br />
The villagers heard him, but they took no notice.<br />
“He is playing tricks again,” they said. “We won’t be made fools for a third time. You can’t believe a boy after you have caught him lying twice.”<br />
So no one went to his help, and the wolf killed several sheep and frightened the boy nearly out of his wits.<br />
<br />
</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-15486857901512296882012-04-06T11:03:00.003-07:002012-04-06T11:07:53.239-07:00Story Writing (how to write a story)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">To tell even a simple story we requires some practice. An uneducated person generally tells a tale badly. He does not mentally look ahead as he tells it and plans it out. So he repeats himself, omits important items, which he drags in afterwards out of place, and dwells too long on minor details and fails to emphasise the leading points. To write a good story, you must have the whole plot clear in your mind, and the main points arranged in their proper order.<br />
Please find the stories in the Blog Archive at your right hand side bar, thanks.</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-6122812824758190312012-04-06T10:40:00.037-07:002012-04-10T00:03:29.396-07:00What is Articles?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Def-- The words a or an and the are called <span style="color: blue;">Articles</span>. They come before nouns.<br />
There are two Articles- a (or an) and the.<br />
A or an is called the <span style="color: blue;">Indefinite Article</span>, because it usually leaves indefinite the person or thing spoken of;as,<br />
<ul><li>A doctor, that is, any doctor.</li>
</ul>The is called the <span style="color: blue;">Definite Articles</span>, because it points out some particular person or thing; as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He saw the doctor, meaning some particular doctor.</li>
</ul>The indefinite article is used before singular countable nouns, e.g.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A book, an orange, a girl. </li>
</ul>The definite article is used before singular countable nouns, plural nouns and uncountable nouns, e.g.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The book, the books, the milk.</li>
</ul><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
<a name='more'></a>A Or An </div><div style="text-align: left;">The choice between a and an is determined by sound. Before a word beginning with a vowel sound an is used;as, </div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>An ass, an enemy, an ink-stand, an orange, an umbrella, an hour, an honest man, an heir.</li>
</ul><div style="text-align: left;">It will be noticed that the words hour, honest, heir begin with a vowel sound, as the initial consonant h is not pronounced. </div><div style="text-align: left;">Before a word beginning with a consonant sound a is used;as,</div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A boy, a reindeer, a woman, a yard, a horse, a hole, also a university, a union, a European, a ewe, a unicorn, a useful article. </li>
</ul><div style="text-align: left;">because these words (university, union, etc.) begin with a consonant sound, that of yu. Similarly we say, </div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A one rupee note, such a one, a one eyed man.</li>
</ul><div style="text-align: left;">because one begin with a consonant sound of w.</div><div style="text-align: left;">Some native speakers us an before words beginning with h if the first syllable is not stressed. </div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>An hotel (More common : a hotel)</li>
<li>An historical novel (More common : a historical novel)</li>
</ul><ul style="text-align: left;"></ul></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-32025053769805549332012-04-06T10:20:00.007-07:002012-04-06T10:26:31.166-07:00The Correct Use Of Some Adjectives<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><b>Some , Any :- </b>To express quantity or degree some is used in affirmative <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/what-is-sentence-and-how-many-kinds-of.html" target="_blank">sentences</a>, any in negative or interrogative sentences.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>I will buy some mangoes.</li>
<li>I will not buy any mangoes.</li>
<li>Have you bought any mangoes?</li>
</ul>But any can be used after "if" in affirmative <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/what-is-sentence-and-how-many-kinds-of.html" target="_blank">sentences</a>.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>If you need any money i will help you.</li>
</ul>Some is used in questions which are really offers/requests or which expect the answer "yes".<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Will you have some ice-cream? (Offer)</li>
<li>Could you lend me some money? (Request)</li>
<li>Did you buy some clothes? (= I expect you did.)</li>
</ul><b>Each, Every :-</b> Each and Every are similar in meaning, but every is a stronger word than each; it means, each without exception. Each is used in speaking of two or more things; every is used only in speaking of more than two. Each directs attention to the individuals forming any group, every to the total group. Each is used only when the number in the group is limited and definite; every when the number is definite.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Every seat was taken.</li>
<li>Five boys were seated on each bench.</li>
<li>Each one of these chairs is broken.</li>
<li>Leap year falls in every four year. </li>
<li>He came to see us every three days. (i.e. once in every period of three days).</li>
<li>It rained every day during my holidays.</li>
<li>I was away ten days and it rained each day.</li>
</ul></div><br />
<b><a name='more'></a>Little, a little, the little</b> :- Note carefully the use of--<br />
Little = not much (i.e. hardly any). thus, the adjective little has a negative meaning.<br />
There is little hope of his recovery, i.e. he is not likely to recover.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He showed little concern for his nephew. </li>
<li>He has little influence with his old followers.</li>
<li>He showed little mercy to the vanquished. </li>
<li>He has little appreciation of good poetry.</li>
</ul>A little = some though not much. "A little" has a positive meaning.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>There is a little hope of his recovery, i.e. he may possibly recover. </li>
<li>A little tact would have saved the situation.</li>
<li>A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. </li>
</ul>The little = not much, but all there is.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The little information he had was not quite reliable. </li>
<li>The little knowledge of carpentry that he possessed stood him in good stead. </li>
<li>(The sentence means- The knowledge of carpentry he possessed was not much; but all that knowledge stood him in good stead). </li>
</ul><b>Few, A few, The few :-</b> Note carefully the use of the following.<br />
Few = not many, hardly any, FEW has a negative meaning.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Few persons can keep a secret.</li>
<li>Few are so hopeless as drunkards. </li>
<li>Few towns in London have public libraries.</li>
</ul>A few = some. A FEW has a positive meaning, and is opposed to none.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>A few words spoken in earnest will convince him.</li>
<li>A few parsees write Gujrati correctly.</li>
</ul>The few = not many, but all there are.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The few remarks that he made were very suggestive. </li>
<li>[The sentence means- The remarks that he made were not many; but all those remarks were very suggestive.] </li>
<li>The few friends he has are all very poor.</li>
<li>The few cloths they had were all tattered and torn.</li>
</ul><br />
<br />
<br />
</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-45823042869063082412012-04-06T09:36:00.003-07:002012-04-06T09:39:40.684-07:00Position Of Adjectives<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">An <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/adjective-and-its-kinds.html" target="_blank">adjective</a> used attributively is generally placed immediately before the <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/nounkinds-of-noun.html" target="_blank">Nouns</a>;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>King Francis was a hearty king, and loved a royal sport.</li>
<li>Where are you going, my pretty maid, with your rosy cheeks and golden hair?</li>
<li>O Captain ! my Captain ! our fearful trip is done.</li>
</ul>Observe the difference in meaning between:<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li> a great nobleman's, and<br />
a nobleman's great son.</li>
</ul>In poetry, however, the Adjective is frequently placed after the <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/nounkinds-of-noun.html" target="_blank">Noun</a>;as, <br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Children dear, was it yesterday?</li>
<li>We heard the sweet bells over the bay.</li>
<li>O man with sisters dear !</li>
</ul>When several <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/adjective-and-its-kinds.html" target="_blank">Adjectives</a> are attached to one noun they are sometimes placed after it for emphasis;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>There dwelt a miller hale and bold.</li>
<li>The king, fearless and resolute, at once advanced.</li>
<li>Franklin had a great genius, original, sagacious, and inventive.</li>
</ul>When some words or phrase is joined to the Adjective to explain its meaning, the <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/adjective-and-its-kinds.html" target="_blank">Adjective</a> is placed after its noun;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He was a man fertile in resource.</li>
<li>A Sikh, taller than any of his comrades, rushed forward.</li>
</ul>In certain phrases the <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/adjective-and-its-kinds.html" target="_blank"><u>Adjective</u></a> always comes after the <a href="http://how2learnskills.blogspot.com/2012/04/nounkinds-of-noun.html" target="_blank">Noun</a>;as,<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Heir apparent, time immemorial, lord paramount, viceroy elect, letters patent, knights temporal, notary public, body politic, God Almighty. </li>
</ul></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-38606584694588549242012-04-05T10:14:00.000-07:002012-04-05T10:14:39.993-07:00Adjectives Used As Nouns<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Adjectives are often used as Nouns.<br />
<div style="color: blue;">1. As Plural Nouns denoting a class of persons;as,</div>The cautious (= cautious person) are not always cowards.<br />
The rich (= rich) people know not how the poor (= poor people) live.<br />
The wicked (= wicked people) flee when no man pursueth, but the righteous (= righteous people) are bold as a lion.<br />
Blessed are the meek.<br />
<div style="color: blue;">2. As Singular Nouns denoting some abstract quality;as,</div>The future (= futurity) is unknown to us.<br />
He is lover of the beautiful (= beauty in general)<br />
<div style="color: blue;">3. Some Adjectives actually become Nouns, and are hence used in both numbers:</div>a) Those derived from Proper Nouns; as, Australians, Canadians, Italians.<br />
b) Some denoting persons;as, juniors, seniors, mortals, inferiors, superiors, nobles, criminals, savages, elders, minors.<br />
c) A few denoting things generally;as, secrets, totals, liquids, solids, valuables.<br />
{Some adjectives are used as Nouns only in the plural;as, valuables, eatables.}<br />
<span style="color: blue;">4. In certain phrases;as,</span><br />
In general, in future, in short, in secret, before long, at present, for good;</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-32937838200976691052012-04-05T02:44:00.006-07:002012-04-05T03:03:49.285-07:00Interchange Of The Degree Of comparison<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">As the following examples show, it is possible to change the degree of comparison of an adjective in a sentence, without changing the meaning of sentence:<br />
Superlative -Lead is the heaviest of all metals.<br />
Comparative -Lead is heavier than all other metals.<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">Comparative -Italy is cooler than spain.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Positive -Spain is not so cooler as Italy.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Comparative -He is as wise as John.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Superlative -Shakuntala is the best drama in Sunskrit.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Comparative -Shakuntala is better than any other drama in Sunskrit.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Positive -No ther drama in Sunskrit is so good as Shakuntala.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Superlative -Sydney is one of the biggest of Australia cities.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Coparative -Sydney is bigger than most other Australian cities.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Positive -Very few Australian cities are as big as Sydney.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Positive -Some poets are at least as great as Tennyson.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Comparative -Tennyson is not greater than some other poets.</div><div class="MsoNormal"> -Some poets are not less great than Tennyson.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Superlative -Tennyson is not the greatest of all poets.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div></div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-90688287801225492032012-04-04T09:40:00.006-07:002012-04-04T14:32:22.494-07:00How To Form Comparative And Superlative Adjective?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Most adjective of one syllable, and some of more than one, form the Comparative by adding er and the Superlative by adding est to the positive.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li style="color: blue;">Positive Comparative Superlative</li>
<li>Sweet sweeter sweetest</li>
<li>Small smaller smallest</li>
<li>Clever cleverer cleverest</li>
<li>Great greater greatest</li>
<li>Young younger youngest</li>
</ul><br />
When the positive ends in e, only r and st are added.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Brave braver bravest</li>
<li>Fine finer finest</li>
<li>Able abler ablest</li>
<li>Noble nobler noblest</li>
<li>Wise wiser wisest</li>
</ul><br />
When the positive ends in Y, preceded by a constant, the Y is changed into I before adding er and est.<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Happy happier happiest</li>
<li>Easy easier easiest</li>
<li>Heavy heavier heaviest</li>
<li>Merry merrier merriest</li>
<li>Wealthy wealthier wealthiest</li>
</ul><br />
</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-52481191234428263552012-04-03T23:39:00.020-07:002012-04-04T02:31:48.374-07:00Comparison Of Adjectives<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">1. Tom mango is sweet.<br />
2. John's mango is sweeter than Tom's.<br />
3. Paul's mango is the sweetest of all.<br />
In sentence 1, the adjective sweet merely tells us that Tom mango has the quality of sweetness, without saying how much of this quality it has.<br />
In sentence 2, the adjective sweeter tells us that Jon's mango, compared with Tom's, has more of the quality of sweetness.<br />
In sentence 3, the adjective sweetest tells us that of all these mangoes Paul's mango has the greatest amount or highest degree of the quality of sweetness.<br />
<br />
We thus see that adjectives change in form (sweet, sweeter, sweetest) to show comparison. They are called the three <span style="color: blue;">Degrees of Comparison</span>.<br />
The Adjective sweet is said to be in the <span style="color: blue;">Positive Degree.</span><br />
The Adjective sweeter is said to be in the <span style="color: blue;">Comparative Degree.</span><br />
The Adjective sweetest is said to be in the <span style="color: blue;">Superlative Degree</span>.<br />
The positive degree of an adjective is the adjective in its simple form. It is used to denote the mere existence of some quality of what we speak about. It is used when no comparison is made.<br />
The Comparative Degree of an adjective denotes a higher degree of the quantity than the positive, and is used when two things (or sets of things) are compared;as,<br />
This boy is stronger than that.<br />
Which of these two pens is the better?<br />
Apples are dearer than oranges.<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
The Superlative Degree of an adjective denotes the highest degree of the quality, and is used when more than two things (or set of things) are compared;as,<br />
This boy is the strongest in the class.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">Note-1:-</span> There is another way in which we can compare things. Instead of saying "Tom is stronger than Bob", we can say "Bob is less stronger than Tom". Instead of saying "John is the laziest boy in the class", we can say "John is the least industrious boy in the class".<br />
<span style="color: blue;">Note-2:-</span> The Superlative with most is sometimes used where there is no idea of comparison, but merely a desire to indicate the possession of a quality in a very high degree;as,<br />
This is most unfortunate.<br />
It was a most eloquent speech.<br />
Truly, a most ingenious device!<br />
This usage has been called the Superlative of Eminence, of the Absolute Superlative. </div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-55352219535853163712012-04-03T23:01:00.015-07:002012-04-03T23:08:19.138-07:00Formation Of Adjectives.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><b><span style="font-size: large;">How adjectives are formed?</span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: small;">Here you will learn adjectives are formed from nouns, verbs and other adjectives.</span></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></b><br />
1. Many adjectives are formed from Nouns.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">Nouns</span> <span style="color: blue;">Adjectives</span> <span style="color: blue;">Noun </span> <span style="color: blue;">Adjective</span><br />
Boy Boyish Dirt dirty<br />
Fool foolish Storm stormy<br />
Care careful Pardon pardonable<br />
Play playful Outrage outrageous<br />
Hope hopeful Courage courageous<br />
venture venturesome Glory glorious<br />
<br />
2. Some adjectives are formed from verbs.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">Verb Adjective</span><br />
Tire tireless<br />
Talk talkative<br />
Cease ceaseless<br />
Move moveable<br />
3. Some adjectives are formed from other adjectives.<br />
<span style="color: blue;"> Adjective Adjective</span><br />
Tragic tragical<br />
Whole wholesome<br />
Three threefold<br />
Black blackish<br />
White whitish<br />
Sick sickly</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-91614520230274069042012-04-02T20:53:00.000-07:002012-04-02T20:53:48.524-07:00Kinds Of Adjectives<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Adjective may be divided into the following classes:<br />
<span style="color: blue;">1</span>) <span style="color: blue;">Adjectives Of Quality</span> (or <span style="color: blue;">Descriptive Adjective</span>) show the kind or quality of a person or thing;as,<br />
Kolkata is a large city.<br />
He is an honest man.<br />
The foolish old crow tried to sing.<br />
This is a Grammar of the English Language.<br />
Adjective form from Proper Nouns (e.g. French Wines, Turkish tobacco, Indian tea, etc.) are some times called Proper Adjectives. They are generally classed with adjective of Quality.<br />
Adjective of Quality answer the question : Of what kind?<br />
<span style="color: blue;">2. Adjectives of Quantity</span> show how much of a thing is meant;as,<br />
I ate some rice.<br />
He showed much patience.<br />
He has little intelligence.<br />
He has lost all his wealth.<br />
He claimed his half share of the booty.<br />
Adjective of Quantity answer the question: How much?<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<span style="color: blue;">3. Adjective of Number</span> (or <span style="color: blue;">Numeral Adjective</span>) show how many persons or things are meant, or in what order a person or thing stands;as,<br />
The hand has five fingers.<br />
Few cats like cold water.<br />
There are no pictures in this book.<br />
I have taught you many things.<br />
Sunday is the first day of the week.<br />
Adjective of Number answer the question: How many? <br />
Adjective of Number or Numeral Adjective are of three kinds<br />
<span style="color: blue;">Ist</span>--- <span style="color: blue;">Definite Numeral Adjective</span>, which denote an exact number;as,<br />
One, Two, Three, etc. These are called <span style="color: blue;">Cardinals</span>.<br />
First, Second, Third, etc. These are called <span style="color: blue;">Ordinals</span>.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">2nd</span>--- <span style="color: blue;">Indefinite Numeral Adjectives</span>, which do not denote an exact number;as,<br />
All, No, Many, Few, Any, Certain, Sundry.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">3rd</span>--- <span style="color: blue;">Distributive Numeral Adjective</span>, which refers to each one of a number;as,<br />
Each body must take his turn.<br />
England expects every man to do his duty.<br />
Every word of it is false.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">4. Demonstrative Adjectives</span> point out which person or thing is meant;as,<br />
This boy is stronger than Paul.<br />
That boy is industrious.<br />
These mangoes are sour.<br />
I hate such things.<br />
Demonstrative Adjectives answer the question: Which?<br />
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What, which and whose, when they are used with nouns to ask questions, are called <span style="color: blue;">Interrogative Adjectives</span>;as,<br />
What manner of man is he?<br />
Which way shall we go?<br />
Whose book is this?<br />
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</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-49369058445501723582012-04-02T11:43:00.007-07:002012-04-02T20:56:08.500-07:00The Adjective And Its Kinds.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Def---A word used with a noun to describe or point out, the person, animal, place or thing which the noun names, or to tell the number or quantity, is called an Adjective.<br />
Read the following sentences:<br />
1. Sita is a clever girl. (Girl of what kind?)<br />
2. I don't like that boy. (Which boy?)<br />
3. He gave me five mangoes. (How many boys?)<br />
4. There is little time for preparation. (How much time?)<br />
In sentence 1, "clever" shows what kind of girl Sita is; or, in other words, "clever" describes the girl Sita.<br />
In sentence 2, "that", points out which boy is meant?<br />
In sentence 3, "five" shows how many mangoes he gave me?<br />
In sentence 4, "little" shows how much time there is for preparation?<br />
So we may define an Adjective as a word used with a noun to add something for its meaning. [Adjective means added to].<br />
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Look at the following sentences:<br />
1. The lazy boy was punished.<br />
2. The boy is lazy.<br />
In sentence 1, the Adjective lazy is used along with the noun boy as an epithet or attribute. It is therefore, said to be used <span style="color: blue;">Attributively</span>.<br />
In sentence 2, the adjective lazy is used along with the verb is, and forms part of the Predicate. It is, therefore, said to be used <span style="color: blue;">Predicatively</span>.<br />
Some Adjectives can be used only Predicatively;as,<br />
She is afraid of ghosts.<br />
I am quite well.</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5461016133045472827.post-43952893712406823412012-04-02T10:07:00.004-07:002012-04-02T20:56:20.256-07:00The Noun : Case<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Examine these sentences:<br />
1. John threw a stone.<br />
2. The horse kicked the boy.<br />
In sentence 1, the noun John is the Subject. It is the answer to the question, "Who threw a stone"?<br />
The group of words threw a stone is the <span style="color: blue;">Predicate</span>.<br />
The Predicate contains the <span style="color: blue;">verb</span> threw.<br />
What did John throw?-A stone. Stone is the object which John threw. The Noun stone is therefore called the <span style="color: blue;">Object</span>.<br />
In sentence 2 above, the Noun horse is the Subject. It is the answer to the question,"Who kicked the boy"?<br />
The <span style="color: blue;">Noun </span>boy is the object. It is the answer to the question, "Whom did the horse kick"?<br />
When a noun (or pronoun) is used as the Subject of a verb, it is said to be in the Nominative Case.<br />
When a noun (or pronoun) is used as the Object of a verb, it is said to be in the Objective (or Accusative) Case. <br />
Note--To find the nominative, put Who? or What? before the verb. To find the Accusative, put Whom? or What? before the verb and its subject.<br />
A Noun which comes after a preposition is said to be in the Accusative Case:as,<br />
The book is on the desk.<br />
The desk is the Accusative Case, governed by the preposition in.<br />
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Read the following sentences:<br />
Hari broke the window. (Object)<br />
The window was broken. (Subject)<br />
It will be seen that noun in English have the same form for the Nominative and Accusative.<br />
The Nominative generally comes before the verb, and the Accusative after the verb. Hence they are distinguished by the order of words, or by the sense.e.g<br />
1. Rama gave a ball.<br />
2. Rama gave Hari a all. <br />
In each of these sentences the noun ball is the Object of gave.<br />
In the second sentence we are told that Hari was the person to whom Rama gave a ball.<br />
The noun Hari is called Indirect Object of the verb gave.<br />
The noun ball, the Ordinary Object, is called the Direct Object.<br />
It will be noticed that the position of the Indirect Object is immediately after the verb and before the direct Object. <br />
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</div>Pathan Khanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13032190147337695440noreply@blogger.com0